Sanjay Kumar Pandey: Palamu, a district nestled in the western part of Bihar, India, is not just rich in natural resources but also steeped in ancient history. Established by the British in 1892, the district is known for its abundant natural beauty, despite being categorized as one of the most underdeveloped districts in the state. Located amidst ancient rock formations, Palamu boasts of diverse landscapes and significant rivers. The Koel River, flowing from south to north, merges its pure waters with the Son River, dividing the district into almost equal parts. Historically neglected, Palamu lacks a documented history of formal governance systems like those in Chero and Raksha territories. The Palamu district capital, Medininagar, lies within Palamu, spanning from approximately 230’15” to 240’30” north latitude and 830’15” to 850’30” east longitude according to world maps. Bordered by Hazaribagh, Gaya, and Aurangabad districts to the east, Ranchi and Lohardaga districts to the south, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh states to the west, and Rohtas district to the north, Palamu is part of the Gondwana land legacy. Despite its ancient origins, Palamu has seen significant deforestation due to industrialization, leaving large forested areas in the district. The region’s forests are primarily dominated by sal, ash, palash, mahua, babul, semar, amla, harra, bahera, and bamboo. Agriculture forms the backbone of the local economy, with crops like rice, wheat, maize, and pulses grown extensively. The abundance of forests has facilitated animal husbandry, with local communities raising cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and horses. Mineral resources have gained importance in the modern era, with ongoing surveys revealing a variety of minerals that contribute significantly to the economic structure and development of the region. Palamu continues to be a vital area for natural resources, underscoring its potential for economic growth amidst its rich historical and natural heritage.
